Tuesday, April 29, 2008

Manure truck, professional soccer game, muni finances, library project, corn bread, PC meetings, immigrating friends

A couple weekends back I made the trip out to Xela again to visit some friends. We went on a great hike to a sacred lake in the community of Chikabal. You aren’t allowed to swim in it due to its sacredness to the indigenous people there. The hike was beautiful, first up a mountain from town on a dirt road, then continuing up through the forest, including a climb of no less than 580 stairs in the intense mid-day heat! On the way we encountered three young boys, maybe like 8-10 years old all carrying huge loads of firewood on their backs. One of the boys was looking delirious, sweating, had bloodshot eyes, was staggering, and obviously severely dehydrated. He stumbled up to us and asked us for water, so we obviously gave it to him and his companions. Since firewood is the main cooking fuel in Guatemala, you often see men, women, and children loaded down with cargo twice their size trekking up and down the mountains. It’s insane what they can carry and many people have only firewood collecting as their livelihood. It’s also a huge contributor to the severe deforestation in Guatemala. When we arrived to the lake it was covered in clouds and as we sat there the clouds lifted and revealed the lake. Magical. We were in a hurry to get back down the mountain to get to a soccer game in time so we flagged down a passing pickup truck. The bed of the truck was filled with sacks, which I assumed to be full of corn or seeds or something. After getting on and clinging to the sacks as we bumped down the mountain, I asked the guy what was in the sacks and he responded, “fertilizante orgánico.” So we rode back to town on top of piles of manure.

That night we went to the professional soccer game of the Xela team, Xelajú ,against the team from the capital, Comunicaciones. We actually watched two games, the first was the backup team on which plays my good friend’s boyfriend. So we sat right behind the goal to catch all the action and yell encouragement at him. Then the main team played after that. It was awesome! Before the game even started there were fireworks, strobe lghts, and fire extinguishers spraying colored foam. The Pepsi girls paraded around in the their blue spandex suits throwing t-shirts into the crowd. The fans sang and shouted throughout the entire game and I learned lots of new colorful words and phrases that shouldn’t be repeated. No alcohol or water is served at the game, only sodas. And when you buy a soda they open the can and dump the contents into a plastic baggie and give you a straw. I think it’s to prevent people from throwing the cans onto the field. But plastic baggies with straws are used often here as drink containers for beverages whether it’s buying a fruit smoothie on the street or being given a fruit juice at an event. Unfortunately they usually end up on the ground and in the rivers.

Back to work….things are going well. It’s a little slow and requires massive amounts of patience, but I've got a few projects going. For the municipal newsletter I went around asking everyone who works in the muni and every other institution here to contribute an article, informe, or anything. We’ll see who comes through for me. The third edition will be coming out in mid-May. One of the NGOs that works here came by for a meeting with me about trying to include financial data from the muni in the newsletter to increase transparency in the muni. This is very challenging since the finances by law are public information, very rarely in practice are they accessible. We’ll see what we can do about that. Right now this muni is in a tight financial situation…there are lots of debts built up from big projects like a new central park and municipal market and hotel from a few years ago. The municipal employees haven´t been paid since January and we usually can’t get money to cover the costs of transportation to visit the rural areas or attend trainings.

The muni has a “library”, but it is very out of date. The room that it is in triples for the muni as library, meeting room, and storage facility so it really can’t function well as a library. When there are municipal meetings, the room is completely full and students couldn’t enter to do their work. There are only two computers, without internet access, and the books are ancient and yellowed. The building itself is old and the roof leaks when it rains. Needless to say, it could use some improvement. So my site mate and I have been talking to community members about getting together a committee to take on the project. We were thinking that it would be really cool if we could incorporate the project into the curriculum of the highschool, in which all the students are studying to become primary school teachers. The committee could be made up partly of the students and it could be an continuing project for future students to give it sustainability. So we´d been chatting with some of the high school teachers about the idea so we set up a meeting to give a PowerPoint presentation to them about a potential foundation that could help us out. We showed up, just thinking it would be a few people, and it turned out that the entire junior and senior class had been invited along with some parents. So we gave the presentation to about 70 people and did some brainstorming about the importance of a library in the community and what needed improvement. It was a bit nerve-wracking. That was the most people I've spoken in front of in Spanish. But it all went well and it seems like there is lots of interest on the part of the students to get this project going.

In the conversations with the teachers about the library and the opportunity for student participation, we decided that it would be beneficial to them to receive some workshops on topics of citizen participation, the decentralization laws, and the structure of the system of development councils in Guatemala. Since this corresponds exactly with the municipal development project, I’ll be going in and giving a series of workshops on these topics. I’m excited to be doing it, since educating the youth is the best way of informing the communities since these are the future teachers and leaders . So far we have a series of three dates set where I’ll go in for 80 minutes each time. Now I've got quite the task to prepare for.

Last week in La Ciénega corn bread was on the curriculum with my women’s group. Another successful trek that resulted in a few dozen sardine cans of perfectly browned tasty bread. They are a fabulous group of women. We get along great, despite the huge difference in life experiences. A few of them have never attended school in their life and don’t even know how to write their own name. When I ask if they are interested in learning, they just sort of shrug and say that they are already too old and have kids and aren’t really interested. It’s hard to hear that since so often here I encounter the attitude of just not caring that much which is frustrating and saddening.

Last week we attended the twice yearly mandatory Peace Corps regional security meeting in Cobán, our regional consolidation point. We went over the emergency action plan and statistics of all the crimes against volunteers in Guatemala. (Mostly petty theft). Peace Corps does a good job at trying to keep us as safe as possible.

The next day the Volunteer Action Committee (like Peace Corps student council) hosted a great Professional Development conference. It’s weird thinking about life after Peace Corps already, it feels so far away (19 months, to be exact). They brought in speakers from the UN, USAID and various other organizations, including some former Peace Corps volunteers, to talk about their work and the path that brought them there. It was good to make some contacts and be informed about options post PC service.

Lots of volunteers were in town from the security meeting and the conference, so we took advantage of having everyone together to welcome the newest group of volunteers that swore in in April. We rented out the cabin in Tactic again and had a merry time. There are eight new volunteers in the Alta and Baja Verapaz region working in programs with ecotourism, environmental education, and healthy school s.

I had a saddening conversation with one of my friends this week. She told me how she has been planning on going to the states illegally. The coyote that was supposed to take her last week bailed, so she ended up not going yet, but it still planning on it. She comes from a poor family from one of the rural areas, her dad isn’t in the picture, her mom is ill and she has three younger brothers and sisters. Her motive for going is that there are few jobs here and she wants to pay for her siblings to go to school. It is very worrisome for me since she knows no one there, would be traveling by herself, doesn’t speak any English, doesn’t know where she would live or where she would work. And if anything were to happen to her, her family would be worse off. The journey to the states is ridiculously dangerous, especially for Central Americans who have to cross through Mexico first, which is more risky than just crossing into the states. All this has become more concrete for me here talking to people about their experiences and also reading a fascinating book that I would highly recommend called Enrique’s Journey. It´s about a boy from Honduras who travels to the states riding on top of trains through Mexico to find his mother in the states. It details the brutality of the corrupt police , immigration agents , gangs, bandits, and hostile neighbors. Most migrants are assaulted and/or robbed and one in six women are raped during their journey. It´s so hard talking to people who want to badly to go to the states. It´s hard to convince them not to go, even talking about all the risks and challenges. It´s hard to understand the desperation that brings people to leave everything that they know and undertake such a difficult and dangerous journey. My friend started tearing up when we were talking about it.

Monday, April 21, 2008

Musings on Culture…and a few other updates

Ideas brought to the New World

At Reconnect we discussed differences in culture between Latin America and the United States in order to make some sense of the common frustrations we’d been experiencing in our work and living in our communities. Before I delve into cultural generalizations, I give the disclaimer that these are of course generalizations, I’m not trying to stereotype, and of course there are exceptions. While generalizations may not be true of every individual in the group, they serve as a framework for understanding. It is helpful while living in this total cultural immersion at times bewildered as to WHY people act in ways that make no sense to me to be able to analyze these differences.

We discussed the ideas from the book Views of Latin America based on the differences between values brought the New World by Spain/Portugal and England. In Latin America, the Spanish and Portuguese had the goal of recreating or transplanting their systems from Europe to the New World. On the other had the British were trying to break away from the old order in Europe had the goal of creating a whole new system. This resulted in stark differences between Latin American and North American cultures and below is a summary of SOME of the differences.

Latin America

Economy: feudal, land-based, mercantilist, monopolistic, state-influenced

Society: rigid two class immobile society

Education: rote memorization, deductive, unscientific reasoning

Religion: pattern of absolutism and orthodoxy

Politics: authoritarian regimes, conservative reactionary right with revolutionary left

North America

Economy: capitalistic, individualistic

Society: mobile middle class

Education: non-conforming, questioning, inductive, scientific reasoning

Religion: freedom and pluralism

Politics: supportive of representative democracy; free speech, press, assembly


Factors to keep in mind that influence Guatemala today:

-The high percentage of indigenous people and being a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual nation

-Machismo – apparent in discrimination in the workplace and public sphere, whistling/cat calls/inappropriate remarks on the street, domestic violence, women having to ask permission from their husbands to leave the house

-The history and repercussions of the 30 year civil conflict

-Corruption in politics, police, and an ineffective justice system

-Violence, delinquency, organized crime, narcotrafficking

-High levels of poverty being second highest in level of unequal distribution of wealth in the Western hemisphere, behind Haiti, according to UNDP

-The relationship to the United States economically, socially, geographically, historically

-Immigration: social effects of such a huge portion of the population living abroad and economic effects of remittances

-Influence of (or dependence on) NGOs/international development aid


Culture Matters

I might have mentioned some of the following ideas during training, I can’t remember, but after being in country for seven months now, they resonate stronger. Below are some of the difference between North American and other cultures. These ideas are taken from the book published by Peace Corps Culture Matters.

Individualism vs. collectivism. Self-explanatory.

Universalism vs. particularism. The idea that rules should apply to everyone equally or whether rules apply differently to different people, depending on how much money or influence you have.

Monochronistic vs. polichronistic. Concept that time is objective and punctuality and completion of tasks is valued vs. subjective concept of time that is more fluid and where punctuality and timely completion of tasks are not as important.

Low power distance vs. high power distance. Society is less hierarchical and it is acceptable for those in positions of power to associate with those who have less vs. rigid social hierarchies with stricter rules about interacting with superiors.

Achieved vs. ascribed status. Staus is achieved through hard work and education vs. who you know or who your family is.

Interal vs. external control. Life is what I make it vs. life is what happens to me.

How culture is reflected by language (or how culture is shaped by language?)

Obviously language is culture. The longer I live here and the better my Spanish gets, the more I see how intertwined they are. It is interesting to compare how

Gender. Latin American culture is machista. Every noun has a gender and every adjective has to agree in gender. Linguistic rules regarding gender are rigid; societal rules regarding gender roles are rigid. The word for wife, esposa, is the same word for handcuffs. Hmm…what is that saying?

Relationship to nature. In English we say We’ve had a lot of rain. In Spanish you say Ha habido mucha lluvia (There has had a lot of rain). To whom does the rain belong? English speakers want to own and control everything, including rain, whereas Spanish speakers don’t treat nature as belonging to anyone.

Responsibility/blame/fatalism. In English the passive voice is rarely used and taught to be avoided. In Spanish it is a common and acceptable construction. In English we say I broke the window and claim responsibility for the action. In Spanish they say Se me quebró la ventana (the window was broken to me), which in the passive voice avoids blame for the action as if it were out of control of the speaker.

Okay back to what else has been going on…

April has been a crazy month of birthdays for the family that I live with. Birthdays here go something like this. Around 5 am they light off firecrackers to wake the whole neighborhood. Sometimes there is loud music in accompaniment. They don´t go to school or work that day, because it´s their birthday (or their parents don´t go to work in order to prepare the celebration). The whole morning is spent preparing a lunch and baking a cake that will be shared with the family members and perhaps some close neighbors and friends. With all the hours it takes to prepare the lunch, it is scarffed up in no time. For kids there is a piñata in the afternoon where all their little cousins are invited. Every kid has a chance to swat at the piñata and there is a mad rush for all the candy that erupts out. Then there is singing of Happy Birthday (in English oddly enough), cutting of cake, serving of snacks – usually sandwiches with chicken salad on white bread. The whole affair is festive and fun. This week it was Luisito who turned seven. He is seriously the cutest kid ever and his chubbly little cheeks were glowing with delight the whole day. I gave a him a snappy red toy car that he was quite excited about.

One of the NGOs active in El Chol is starting a project for a Youth Council project. It will involve 4th through 8th graders in a process of learning about citizen participation through elections, creating an agenda of needs, and executing projects that they come up with. So the NGO took a group of people from El Chol and Rabinal that included teachers, city council members, and other involved people to the town of Los Amates in the department of Izabal in the eastern part of the country. There we met with some youth who had been active in the Council in their towns and their adult mentors and they shared their experiences. It was a great meeting and we learned a lot that we will hopefully be able to implement here in El Chol. We were near the East Coast, so it was ridiculously hot. We bought ice cream and couldn´t eat it fast enough to keep it from melting all over the place. We took advantage of being in that region of the country to visit the Mayan ruins of Quiriguá in the afternoon. After driving for awhile through endless banana plantations, there are huge monoliths with carvings. There is also part of the city which is still being excavated where you can see the stadium and perfectly carved steps. It was a fun day all around, despite getting up at 2:30 am to leave by 3 and getting home at 9:30 at night. It was cool to hang out with the teachers and city council members.

I've been trying to take advantage of the knowledge of the people who work for the NGO´s and to tag along when they make visits out to the communities around here since the muni itself does not have any transportation. I went again with a Licenciado (term for someone with a Bachelor’s degree) who works for an NGO that gives workshops on citizen participation and the development councils system to the aldea of Los Jobos. It’s great to observe his presentations and it´s a wonderful opportunity to meet people from the communities and introduce myself. I chatted with the COCODE president there and he asked me to give a short presentation to the middle schoolers there who were going to help him fill out the agua and sanitation questionnaire that I designed for our Municipal Database. So I flew by the seat of my pants and entered a crowded classroom full of about 50 curious middle schoolers and explained to them the questionnaire. Talk about intimidating. The workshop with the Licenciado ended up started an hour and a half late because another NGO had planned a personal hygiene presentation for the same time, so we had to wait til he was finished. I was once again surprised by the number of people who didn´t even know how to write their own names and had to use a fingerprint as their signature on the sign in sheet. In all about 40 people attended the workshop and participated well. These workshops almost always include a snack and a meal provided by the NGO, which stretches the budget. On the way back into town we stopped at a friend of the Licenciado´s family’s house in another community. They were very kind and gave us pure sugarcane juice, a strong, sweet, brown beverage and dinner of tortillas, beans, and eggs.

The next morning I observed another workshop that the Licenciado put on, a training for trainers. This is a program where community leaders are elected to be trained to train other community members in a program about the System of Development Councils using prerecorded CDs and workbooks. Once again it was good to get to know more community members and learn more about the programs.

Last weekend I went with my site mate to the small rural community of Chilascó, about three hours north of El Chol. We visited the ecotourism volunteer who lives there and works with the community association that manages the park with the tallest waterfall in Central America. The town itself is quite small and has limited services, but after asking around with found a woman put together some plates of beans with hot dogs and tortillas to take with us to eat to complement the other tienda snacks we found. It´s a beautiful place that with cool fresh air and totally green. We camped out in the cloud forest, aptly named because you are literally walking through clouds. It´s like a tropical jungle, but not hot. The hike in is a bit strenuous, but totally worth it to be in the thick of such a peaceful forest. Our attempt to make a fire had limited success so while we did get some small sticks to catch on fire, we were never able to get any big flames that stayed. We slept on the ground with a mosquito net in a covered area with a thatched roof. It was nice falling asleep with the sound of crashing water. In the morning we hiked the rest of the way in to get right up next to the waterfall, although it was so foggy we couldn´t see a thing and all the pictures are of grayness. It was an awesome trip though and I felt like my soul was revived after spending some good quality time with nature.

There was a 5 on 5 soccer tournament planned in which the employees in my office organized a team. Unfortunately, I wasn’t allowed to play since there was to be a men’s league and supposedly a women’s league. Except that they couldn’t get enough women together to play, so I couldn’t play.

One of the very frustrating things about work here is that meetings get cancelled often, with short notice, or no notice. Several times it’s been planned to meet with the city council to get our Women’s Office project approved, but the meetings have been canceled. We also had a meeting planned this week with our office, an NGO, and the mayor to discuss the situation of the COCODEs, but it was canceled. Then the monthly COMUDE meeting was canceled also this week because the mayor had to go out of town. I had several orders of business to attend to during this meeting, but it was unfortunately postponed for the following week when I have a mandatory Peace Corps security meeting out of town. So I’ll have to wait til the May meeting. The difficult thing is also that so many people are involved in the monthly municipal development council meetings that it’s hard to inform everyone. So several people who’d had to travel significant distances came into our office that hadn’t gotten the message that it had been canceled. Sad when the Planning Office can’t plan.

It´s mango season! There are delicious, delicious mangos abounding everywhere. You can buy them on the street conveniently cut up in bite-sized pieces. Or buy them large, whole, and juicy for a good price. I've made mango curry a couple times too after I bought too many mangos too eat and they got super ripe so I had to mash them up and put them to another use. It turned out to very a very yummy alternative use of mangos. I love that all the special fruits that are expensive in the states abound here….fresh pineapple, avocados, papaya, mangos, etc.

Wednesday, April 9, 2008

Reconnect

The first week in April we had “Reconnect” with Peace Corps – an opportunity to get back together with everyone in our training group at the Peace Corps office after being in our sites for four months. It was a nice opportunity to check in and hear how things are going in everybody’s site, share accomplishments, commiserate with common frustrations, receive technical training, and have Spanish classes. We had some interesting sessions on cultural adjustment too where we talked about our frustrations and strategies to combat them.

We stayed in Antigua all week so despite the fact that we were in classes or trainings all day long, it was like a mini-vacation. We stayed most of us together at a hostel that despite the dirty shared bathrooms, had a great terrace for hanging out on in the evenings. We ate really yummy Antigua food and went out salsa dancing. I got a chance to stock up on needed items like peanut butter and shampoo and internet time. It was really interesting to hear the projects that other people are working on from trash collection to opening libraries. Some people have very challenging sites and their biggest accomplishment was “I’m still here” which is a big accomplishment because we still have all 33 in our group that we started with back in Washington DC in August. Most groups lose at least a couple people by this point. Way to go guys!

It was hard to say goodbye to my fellow volunteer friends not knowing when the next time I’ll see them will be but it was nice to come back to El Chol after being gone for a week. Everyone greeted me warmly and told me they had missed me, which was nice to hear. I didn’t miss much around the office while I was gone. Everything was normal when I came back…the mayor is never in the office because he’s studying criminology in the capital, the secretary is smoking in his office and listening to marimba music, (like a xylophone) while he handwrites documents into big dusty books, and my coworkers are all glued to their computers, some working intently and others playing solitaire. They have been busy putting together project profiles and preliminary engineering studies for all the infrastructure projects planned for next year, which doesn’t have a lot to do with me. Right now they are still finishing up projects from 2006 and 2007, haven’t started the 2008 projects yet and are already planning for 2009. That’s how it goes.

I went to La Cienega this week, walking an hour each way, with the intention of making corn bread, but when I got there it turned out there was meeting planned at the same time to form the school committee. You never really know what’s going to happen when you show up to a community. The women felt really bad but I told them that it was much more important that they go to that meeting than make bread so I went along to the meeting with them. Basically, in order to receive any kind of additional funding, there has to be an official organized group of parents and teachers with a president, secretary, treasurer, etc. in order to receive funds. So they formed the group and are hoping to get funding to fix the broken windows, paint the school, and participate in the Glass of Milk program to get milk donated to the kids. It’s a very formal process with an official book of “actas” which are like meeting notes, but written in a very formal way. Everyone present has to sign and those who can’t write their name put their fingerprint. It was good to meet the teachers and more people from the community and I played soccer with the kids (all of 15 of them that attend the school) for awhile.

My English class is going well. We didn’t have class for two weeks this month, first for Semana Santa and then for Reconnect so we’ve had to do a lot of review. This week I wrote out the lyrics to Green Day’s Boulevard of Broken Dreams and we used it as a listening comprehension exercise. By the end they were all singing along and it was really cute.

The heat this week has been almost unbearable. We used to have the luxury of air conditioning at the office but it broke and now we all just sit there sweating without moving. In the middle of the day my house turns into an over as the tin roof heats everything up. Supposedly it will only last like this for a few more weeks and then the rains will start. It’s been raining occasionally at night so loud on the tin roof that you can’t hear yourself think. Yesterday it rained really hard in the afternoon for the first time and there was a double rainbow perfectly framing the church in the central park. The heat is the main topic of conversation with anyone. When you go buy something at the store, you talk about the heat. When you greet anyone in the street, you talk about the street. When you talk to anyone, at work or at home, you start off by talking about the heat. Every conversation goes something like this:

“Good morning!”
“Good morning! A pleasure to greet you.”
“What heat!”
“Yes, what heat!”
“Too much…”
“Yes, too much.”
“It looked like it wanted to rain”
“Yes, it looked like it wanted to rain.”
“Only God knows when the heat will subside.”
“Yes, that’s how it is.”